Inside the Try step 1 (based on the browse paradigm from the Vigliocco mais aussi al., 2005) i made use of a good categorization activity, where players had been questioned to choose a couple of terms from a great triad, in line with the first connection regarding their similarity. The goal were to take a look at if or not around eg requirements grammatical gender outcomes would be introduce to possess abstract terminology, labels away from animals and you will inanimate objects. Inside Experiment 2, in line with the Implicit Organization Decide to try (IAT) paradigm, users did a beneficial semantic categorization task below severe day tension. Objective would be to glance at if or not grammatical gender is implicitly available when performing a role that operates on lexical and semantic level. Inside Data step three, we tested brand new attribution out-of male and female voices so you’re able to dogs and you can inanimate things, presented both once the terms and conditions or images, so you’re able to ensure whether the influence regarding grammatical gender goes not in the lexical and semantic profile and you will into graphic representations, and you may really contrasting their consequences to own spoken and graphic stimuli.
We believed your acquired abilities allows us to attempt the brand new presumptions of one’s sex and you can gender theory additionally the resemblance and you will gender theory in the context of brand new Polish vocabulary
According to research by the sex and you may gender theory, grammatical gender outcomes are required to get stronger inside the languages that have a high feel amongst the grammatical gender away from nouns as well as the biological sex of its referents. Into the Polish, that it consistency is limited by undeniable fact that you can find around three genders on the just one means (male, feminine, neutral) as well as 2 genders in the plural means (masculine-private and you can non-masculine-personal), with a bit an intricate reference to the only 1 competitors. Grammatical gender out-of nouns may vary anywhere between their singular and you will plural variations – the latest low-masculine-private plural mode encompasses every one setting nouns with the exception of male nouns making reference to anyone. Like, ‘10 pies’ (your dog) that’s male during the only one form, becomes ‘te psy’ (dogs), which is low-masculine-individual inside plural, however, ‘10 kowal’ (good blacksmith, male one) becomes ‘ci kowale’ (blacksmiths, masculine-individual plural). The latest rigid version of the newest sex and you will gender theory do therefore assume a lack of grammatical gender consequences from inside the Shine, perhaps not instead of many penned knowledge in german. A less constrained version of this new sex and gender hypothesis create assume indeed there to-be grammatical gender effects only for nouns referring so you can dogs and individuals – that have a physiological sex. About about three experiments showed contained in this report, we provided nouns writing on pet (Try out step 1 and you can step 3), inanimate things (all studies) and you may conceptual suggestions (Try out 1).
An alternate grounds highly relevant to the fresh sex and you will gender/resemblance and you may gender hypotheses is the fact that Shine words uses a wide selection of gender matical gender strongly related of a lot components of message, not only to nouns. Grammatical gender needs to be thought while using the verbs, numerals, adjectives, pronouns, etc. As well as the similarity and you will gender theory do predict one to grammatical gender consequences be there in most the new showed experiments, having fun with one another animate and you may inanimate nouns.
Observing grammatical gender effects to have nouns discussing stuff that n’t have a physical sex would offer solid service toward similarity and you may gender theory
The fresh new exhibited browse together with will decide to try several more specific browse inquiries. Try dos spends an altered implicit organization try to investigate whether grammatical gender consequences into the Gloss can be found to the lexicosemantic top, and not simply to the conceptual level. Try 3 spends a strategy which involves attributing male/feminine voices so you can objects into the an animated movie) to evaluate whether grammatical gender consequences exists to the a conceptual level. Of course writing on lexicosemantic and kissbrides.com read what he said you will conceptual degrees of operating, we use the distinction like in Vigliocco et al. (2005, p. 510): the lexicosemantic level corresponds to the fresh new meanings off terminology as well as their linguistic operating (suitable to the categories, retrieving and using lexical information, an such like.) without having to manage intellectual representations of words’ referents. Having said that, the fresh abstract level is based on the intellectual representations of your own referents in addition to their attributes, that is low-linguistic in the wild. Playing with language in the place of discussing mental representations away from objects is precisely lexicosemantic, when you’re processing intellectual representations without using words is strictly abstract.